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--- dev:sql:statements:create_database:home [2010/05/24 06:48]
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+^ Omnidex SQL Quicklinks ^^^^^
+|[[dev:sql:overview | Overview ]] | [[dev:sql:statements:home | Statements ]] | [[ dev:sql:functions:home | Functions ]] | [[ dev:sql:examples:home | Examples ]] | [[dev:sql:home | Quick Reference ]] |
 ====== Omnidex SQL: CREATE DATABASE ======
-{{page>:sql_bar&nofooter&noeditbtn}}
 ===== Description =====
-The CREATE DATABASE statement names a logical database_name which contains one or more RDBMS tables or files, all of a particular type such as Oracle, SQLServer, or FLATFILE.
+The CREATE DATABASE statement declares a database in an Omnidex Environment File.  Once one or more databases and their respective tables have been declared in an environment, they can be indexed and retrieved using SQL statements.
+An Omnidex database can point to an underlying Oracle, SQL Server or MySQL database, or any other database that can be accessed using ODBC.  An Omnidex database can also point to a collection of raw data files that combine together to form a database.  These databases are accessible using the Omnidex SQL engines, available through ODBC and JDBC interfaces.
-The CREATE DATABASE does not create any type of physical database and only works on the Omnidex metadata.
+The CREATE DATABASE statement records information about the underlying database in the Omnidex Environment File, but it does not actually create an underlying relational database.  The physical database should be created using the relational database's tools.  In the case of raw data files, the files are usually received from a data provider, and application or an ETL tool.  The CREATE DATABASE statement simply stores meta-data about the database in the Omnidex Environment File.
-Multiple databases can be created within a single Omnidex Environment using multiple CREATE DATABASE statements.  The database logical name must be unique within the Environment file.
+Omnidex allows multiple databases to be declared in an environment.  When an application connects to an Omnidex Environment File, then SQL statements can be issued that access all of the databases in the environment.  Databases can be of different types as well, and this allows applications to issue SELECT statements that join tables from different database types, including raw data files.
-An Omnidex database is the logical index collection and is also the unit for indexed optimized joins between tables.
 ===== Syntax =====
 <code>
   CREATE DATABASE database_name
-      [NODE node_name]
+      [NODE grid_node]
-      TYPE type
+          TYPE database_type
-         [VERSION “version”]
+              [SUBTYPE odbc_subtype]
-         [SUBTYPE subtype]
+          [INDEX_DIRECTORY “directory”]
-      [INDEX_DIRECTORY “directory[\index_prefix]”]
+          [VERSION “rdbms_version”]
-      [PHYSICAL “physical”]
+          [PHYSICAL “rdbms_string”]
-      [USER “user”][PASSWORD “password”]
+          [USER “rdbms_user” PASSWORD “user_password”]
-      [INDEX_MAINTENANCE index_maintenance_type]
+          [INDEX_MAINTENANCE index_maintenance_type]
-      IN “filename”                                /* must be after all other clauses */
+      IN “environment_filespec”                        /* must be after all previous clauses */
-      [WITH options]                               /* must be the very last clause    */
 </code>
 ===== Discussion =====
-==== DATABASE database_name ====
+=== DATABASE database_name ===
-The datbase_name is up to a 32 character case-insensitive name and can contain letters, digits and the following special characters:
+The //database_name// uniquely identifies the database within this environment.  It may be up to 32 characters long, and can contain letters, digits and the following special characters: ! @ # $ % ^ _.  It must begin with a letter and is case-insensitive.  The //database_name// must  be unique within the environment.  If //database_name// is a SQL reserved word, enclose it in double quotation marks.
-   ! @ # $ % ^ _
-The first character of the database_name must be a letter.
-Database_names must be unique within an Omnidex Environment.
-Database_names are used to qualify table and index names when the same table or index name occurs more than once within an Omnidex Environment.
+//Database_name// is used to qualify table and index names when the same table or index name occurs more than once within an Omnidex Environment File.
-The database_name is also used as the default Omnidex index_prefix if no index_prefix component is specified in the INDEX_DIRECTORY setting.
+//Database_name// is also used as the prefix for index files located in the //index_directory// as specified in the INDEX_DIRECTORY setting.
-==== TYPE type ====
+<code>
-The TYPE setting specifies the DATABASE TYPE and is a required clause.
+CREATE DATABASE SALES IN "SALES.XML";
+...
+UPDATE INDEXES
+exit
+os> dir
+SALES0001, SALES0002, SALES0003, SALES.XML
+</code>
-Valid DATABASE types are:
+=== NODE grid_node ===
-  * FLATFILE
+The optional NODE clause is used to configure an Omnidex Grid.  Nodes that were previously declared in the CREATE ENVIRONMENT statement can be referenced here, and the database configuration can be named for each node.  The NODE clause is only required for databases within an Omnidex Grid that are partitioned and distributed across multiple nodes.  If not using an Omnidex Grid, the NODE clause can be skipped and the underlying configuration can be specified for the entire database.
-  * ORACLE
-  * SQLSERVER
-  * ODBC
-  * DB2
-  * UNION
-  * INFORMIX
-A database can be spread across multiple Omnidex data nodes and if so, each NODE must have a TYPE specified.
+For simple environments, the database configuration does not require NODE clauses:
-=== [VERSION “version”] ===
+<code>
-The VERSION setting within the TYPE clause is used to specify the ORACLE database version and is required with Oracle databases.
+create environment
-=== [SUBTYPE subtype] ===
+ in                          "list.xml";
-The SUBTYPE setting within the TYPE clause is used to specify a subtype for ODBC databases.
-Valid subtypes are:
-  * ORACLE
-  * INFORMIX
-  * DB2
-  * SQLSERVER
-  * ACCESS
-==== [INDEX_DIRECTORY “directory[\index_prefix]”] ====
+create database              "LIST"
-The INDEX_DIRECTORY setting determines the operating system location of the Omnidex index files and optionally the index file prefix.
+ type                        FILE
+ index_directory             "idx"
-The directory portion can either be an absolute or relative location.  Typically relative locations are used.
+ in                          "list.xml";
+</code>
-The index_prefix portion is used by Omnidex for creating the physical file names of the index files.  Index files will be the index_prefix followed by four digits.
-If no index_prefix is specified, the database_name is used as an index prefix.
+For Omnidex Grid environments, the database requires NODE clauses:
-==== [NODE node] ====
-The optional NODE clause is used to spread a database across the various nodes in an Omnidex Grid Environmnet.
-Each NODE name used in the CREATE DATABASE NODE clause must correspond to a node_name specified in the CREATE ENVIRONMENT statement.
 <code>
-create environment           "LIST_ENV"
+create environment
- data_cache                  32
  max_threads                 2
  node                        "GRID01" partitioned
@@ Line 89: / Line 75: @@
 create database              "LIST"
  node "GRID01"
-  type                       FLATFILE
+  type                       FILE
-  index_directory            "idx\LIST1_"
+  index_directory            "idx\grid01"
  node "GRID02"
-  type                       FLATFILE
+  type                       FILE
-  index_directory            "idx\LIST2_"
+  index_directory            "idx\grid02"
  node "GRID03"
-  type                       FLATFILE
+  type                       FILE
-  index_directory            "idx\LIST3_"
+  index_directory            "idx\grid03"
  node "GRID04"
-  type                       FLATFILE
+  type                       FILE
-  index_directory            "idx\LIST4_"
+  index_directory            "idx\grid04"
  node "GRID05"
-  type                       FLATFILE
+  type                       FILE
-  index_directory            "idx\LIST5_"
+  index_directory            "idx\grid05"
  in                          "list.xml";
 </code>
-==== [ PHYSICAL “filespec” | "string" ] ====
-The PHYSICAL "filespec" declares the name and location of the database's root file or system dictionary and is used primarily with relational databases and ODBC.
-The "filespec" or "string" may vary according to database type.
+=== TYPE database_type ===
+The TYPE clause specifies the type of database being declared.  The //database_type// is  required.
-====  [USER “user”] [PASSWORD “password”] ====
+Valid database types are:
-The USER / PASSWORD clause is used to specify the user and password to be used to access the underlying RDBMS.
-==== [INDEX_MAINTENANCE index_maintenance_type] ====
-The INDEX_MAINTENANCE clause is an optional clause that specifies how Omnidex indexes will be updated.
-The index_maintenance_type can be one of either API or DBMS.
+  * FILE
+  * ORACLE
+  * SQLSERVER
+  * ODBC
+When a database is spread across multiple nodes of an Omnidex Grid, the PHYSICAL clause is declared for each node.  At present, the //database_type// must be the same across all nodes; however, support for different database types for each node may be supported in the future.
+=== SUBTYPE odbc_subtype ===
+The SUBTYPE setting within the TYPE clause is used to specify a subtype for ODBC databases.
+Valid //subtypes// are:
+  * MYSQL
+  * SQLSERVER
+Omnidex can access other databases through ODBC, even if the subtype is not declared.  Note that there can be differences in the way that each underlying database implements ODBC.  Because of this, some Omnidex functionality may not be available.
+=== INDEX_DIRECTORY “directory” ===
+The INDEX_DIRECTORY is an optional clause specifies the operating system location of the Omnidex index files.  The directory can either be an absolute or relative path.  Relative paths are relative to the location of the Omnidex Environment File.  Relative locations are recommended when feasible.
+If no //directory// is declared, then the Omnidex index files will reside in the same directory as the Omnidex Environment File.
+The //directory// can also be specified with an environment variable using curly braces.
+<code>
+create database              "LIST"
+  type                       FILE
+  index_directory            {$LIST_DIR}
+</code>
+=== VERSION “rdbms_version” ===
+The VERSION clause is used to by Omnidex to determine which syntax and API to use with the underlying relational database.
+For Oracle, the choices are:
+^ Version ^ Description ^
+| 10 | All versions of Oracle 10 |
+| 11 | All versions of Oracle 11 |
+| SQLNET10 | All versions of Oracle 10, using SQL*Net to access the database |
+| SQLNET11 | All versions of Oracle 11, using SQL*Net to access the database |
+For SQL Server, the choices are:
+^ Version ^ Description ^
+| 8 | All versions of SQL Server 2000 |
+| 9 | All versions of SQL Server 2005 |
+=== PHYSICAL "rdbms_string" ===
+The PHYSICAL //rdbms_string// declares RDBMS connection information and is only used with relational databases and ODBC.  The //rdbms_string// varies according to database type as follows:
+^Database Type  ^Description  ^
+| FILE | ignored |
+| ORACLE | The PHYSICAL clause is ignored and Oracle will use the default database for the specified user. |
+| ORACLE w/SQLNET | if using Oracle SQLNET, use the name of the SQLNET service and specify "SQLNETx" in the VERSION clause. |
+| SQLSERVER | The PHYSICAL clause contains the ODBC connection information.  For File DSNs, use "FILEDSN=file_dsn_filespec".  For System and User DSNs, use "DSN=dsn_name" or just "dsn_name" where dsn_name is the data source name set up in the Windows ODBC Administrator program. |
+| ODBC | The PHYSICAL clause contains the ODBC connection information.  For File DSNs, use "FILEDSN=file_dsn_filespec".  For System and User DSNs, use "DSN=dsn_name" or just "dsn_name" where dsn_name is the data source name set up in the Windows ODBC Administrator program. |
+===  USER “rdbms_user” PASSWORD “user_password” ===
+The USER and PASSWORD clauses are used to provide a valid RDBMS database user and password to be used for Omnidex to access the underlying RDBMS data source.  The USER and PASSWORD clauses are required for Oracle, and are otherwise optional.
+All connections to the underlying database will use this //rdbms_user// and //user_password//.  Omnidex does not have a supplemental security facility that allows sending different users and passwords.
+=== INDEX_MAINTENANCE index_maintenance_type ===
+The INDEX_MAINTENANCE clause is an optional clause that specifies how Omnidex indexes will be updated.  The //index_maintenance_type// can be either API or DBMS.
-API - The indexes will be updated by Omnidex automatically as the database data is updated.
+  * API - The indexes will be updated by Omnidex automatically as the database data is updated.
+  * DBMS - The indexes will be updated by relational database triggers in conjunction with the OdxAIM services.
-DBMS - The indexes will be updated by some other means, ODXAIM for example, in a separated process.
+This setting applies to the entire index installation for this database. It can be overridden on a table-by-table basis by explicitly defining the //index_maintenance// setting on an individual table.
+===      IN “environment_filespec” ===
-This setting applies to the entire index installation on this database. It can be over-ridden on a table-by-table basis by explicitly defining the index_maintenance setting on an individual table.
+The IN clause is required and specifies the location of the physical XML Environment File.  The IN clause must be specified after all other clauses.
-====      IN “filespec” ====
+//Environment_filespec// can also include either an absolute or relative path.  When using a relative file path , it will be relative to the current working directory for the program that is being run. Typically in a production environment, absolute paths are used.  When using Omnidex's Network Services and the OdxNet process, absolute paths should always be used.
-The IN "filespec" clause specifies the physical file name and directory containing the metadata for an Omnidex Environment.
-The IN "filespec" can be specified either as a relative or absolute file specification and much be enclosed in double quotes.
+The //environment_filespec// must be enclosed within double quotes.
-==== [WITH options] ====
-There are currently no options for the CREATE DATABASE statement.
 ===== Examples =====
-==== Simple ====
+==== Single Database with no Nodes ====
 <code>
-create environment env1 in "env1.xml" with delete;
+create environment in "env1.xml" with delete;
 create database db1 type flatfile in "env1.xml";
 </code>
 ==== Two Databases within an Environment ====
 <code>
-create environment env1 in "env1.xml" with delete;
+create environment in "env1.xml" with delete;
 create database db1 type flatfile in "env1.xml";
@@ Line 150: / Line 196: @@
   in "env1.xml";
-create table db2.table1 physical "db2table1"       /* Note the db2 database qualification */
+create table "db2"."table1" physical "db2table1"  /* Note the db2 database qualification */
   ( pk integer,
     mytext char(60) quicktext
@@ Line 166: / Line 212: @@
 select * from db1.table1;
 insert into db2.table1 values (1, 'db2 row 1');
 insert into db2.table1 values (2, 'db2 row 2');
 select * from db2.table1;
@@ Line 177: / Line 223: @@
 disconnect
 </code>
+====== Additional Resources ======
+See also:
+  * [[dev:sql:statements:create_environment:home|CREATE ENVIRONMENT]]
+  * [[dev:sql:statements:create_table:home|CREATE TABLE]]
+  * [[dev:sql:statements:create_index:home|CREATE INDEX]]
+  * [[dev:sql:statements:update_indexes:home|UPDATE INDEXES]]
+Articles:
+  * [[admin:features:grids:home|Omnidex Grids]]
+  * [[dev:appendix:articles:dbspecific:home|Database-specific issues]]
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dev/sql/statements/create_database/home.1274683734.txt.gz · Last modified: 2016/06/28 22:38 (external edit)

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